Abstract:Tailing ponds for non-ferrous metals often exhibit the regional distribution characteristics, once accident of tailing pond occurs, aquatic environment will be seriously attacked. Present studies focus on simplified single-indicator approach, which are failed to fully reflect the aquatic environmental risk. In this present study, polymetallic mine was studied by comparing the methods in water quality index, Nemerow pollution index, Osculating value evaluation and pollution load index. Environmental impact of comprehensive pollution in single-factor and multi-factor of surface water and sediment were analyzed, adopting the risk assessment of SQG-Q-based sediment heavy metal pollution. This study provides a comprehensive and accurate method to evaluate the environmental risk of tailing ponds in downstream water bodies. This paper will support the follow-up study on systematic aquatic environmental risk assessment of tailing ponds.