Abstract:Yanzigou gold deposit located in the west Sichuan-the important metallogenic province of China, had long history of non-government exploitation. Based on the summarization on the geologic features of gold deposit, through the studies on the ore-controlling factors, on the ore-bearing rock series and metallogenic mechanism, the authors inferred that the structure was the main factor for the formation, enrichment and output of gold deposit. There were two types of ore-controlling structures for gold ore body: one was the quartz vein type controlled by crack propagation; another one was carbonaceous slate type controlled by bedding ductile shear zone and gliding nappe. The “fault valve- Seismic pump” metallogenic mechanism of deposit structure was also the important factor of gold deposit formation.